Congenital Dislocation Of The Hip CDH
Refers to a malposition of the femur in the acetabulum. the head of the femur is usually dislocated postero-superiorly. dislocation may be either partial or complete and may be either unilateral or bilateral.
 |
| Congenital Dislocation Of The Hip CDH |
Aetiology:
1. Unknown.2. Possible causes :
- abnormal development of the joint caused by fatal position or genetic factors.
- Hormonal factors.
- Environmental factors such as breech delivery.
Incidence: more common in females than in males.
Clinical manifestations :
- May not be observed until 1-2 month of age.- Asymmetry of gluteal folds with deeper creases apparent on the affected side.
- Limited ability to abduct the hip when the infant is lying on his back with his knee and hips flexed to 90 degrees.
- Trendelenburg's sign: pelvis drops on the normal side if the child stands on his abnormal leg.
- Leg length inequality with unilateral complete dislocation.
- Delayed walking.
- Limp, waddling gait with bilateral dislocation.
Treatment :
- Varies with age and extent of the defect.- Early stages: reduction with gentle manipulation, splinting the hip in abduction by means of double or triple diapers.
- Later stages: preliminary traction, closed or open reduction with immobilization in a hip Spica cast.
Care of child in spica cast :
- Prepare the child for application of the cast.- Observe for complications resulting from the pressure of the cast, discolouration or cyanosis, impaired movement, loss of sensation, oedema, temperature changes or absent pedal pulses.
- Provide good skin care, inspect skin for a sign of irritation, bathing if possible and good skin massaging.
- Prevent the skin around the edges of the cast from being excoriated.
- Prevent urine and faeces from soiling the cast.
- Plans for short periods of muscle exercise every day.
- Have the child breath deeply at intervals.
- Turn the child every 2 hours.
READ MORE:
Chickenpox And Diphtheria
Laryngitis And Laryngeal Cancer
Polyhydramnios And Oligohydramnios
Post A Comment:
0 comments so far,add yours