Contracted Pelvis and Cephalopelvic Disproportion





Contracted Pelvis and Cephalopelvic Disproportion
Contracted Pelvis and Cephalopelvic Disproportion


Contracted Pelvis:

Is one in which the bony funnel of women pelvis is too narrow at some point for the fetus to pass through.

The term used with pelvic diameter 1 cm or more less than normal except transverse diameter 2 cm, this may involve one or more diameters.

Causes:

- Growth retardation.

- Chronic disease e.g. T.B.

- Sever disease e.g. Anemia.

- Bone disease e.g. Rickets.

- Before pregnancy, pelvic measurement can be identified using clinical and x-ray pelvimetry.

- During pregnancy, sonography is used to measure the fetal head in relation to the pelvis.

- When measurements are minimal in one or more places, they are described as marginal pelvis if the infant has a moderately small head is in a normal position and contractions are forceful.

- When the measurement is marginal, the physician may decide to allow a trial labour for a few hours, vaginal delivery may be accomplished and the women are spared major surgery.

- If it is little or no progress in baby's descent cesarean birth is performed.

- The couple needs support to cope with the stress of complicated labour and participate in the decision regarding cesarean birth.


Cephalopelvic Disproportion:

Is fetal head to maternal pelvis discrepancy.

Fetopelvic disproportion term used with other than cephalic presentation.

When CPD is great, it is impossible for the fetus to pass.

CPD is suspected when labour is prolonged, cervical dilation and effacement are slow and engagement of the presenting part is delayed.

Contractions are monitored as well as the fetal heart rate.

Trial labour is allowed to continue only as long as dilation and decent progress.

If there is no progress, a cesarean birth is performed.

Maternal complication includes PROM, uterine rupture and necrosis of maternal soft tissue from the pressure of the fetal head.

Fetal complication includes cord prolapse, extreme moulding of the skull with possible fracture and intracranial haemorrhage.




READ MORE:


Episiotomy

Breastfeeding

Acute Glomerulonephritis


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