Preterm Labor
Is defined as rhythmic uterine contractions that produce cervical changes prior to completion of 37 weeks of gestation.
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| Preterm Labor |
Aetiology:
1- Demographics:- Upper and lower extremes of age.
- Lower socioeconomic status.
- Inadequate prenatal care.
- Race ( increase in blacks).
2- lifestyle and employment.
- Smoking and drug abuse.
- Prolonged periods of standing.
- Fatigue and long hours of work.
- Heavy work and lifting.
3- Reproductive history:
- Previous preterm delivery.
- Incompetent cervix.
- Spontaneous or induced abortion.
4- Uterine anomalies e.g. leiomyomata.
5- Weight again: low weight or low weight gain may increase risk.
6- Anemia: probably due to other risk factors.
7- Uterine size and placental abnormalities:
- Multiple gestations.
- Placenta previa.
- Polyhydramnios.
- Abruptio placenta.
8- Premature rupture of membranes.
9- Vaginal bleeding.
10- Surgery: abdominal procedures.
11- Infection: UTI, pneumonia, malaria, typhoid fever, syphilis, gonorrhoea, amniotic fluid infection, vaginitis.
12- Other associations:
- Fetal gender ( male fetuses have a shorter gestation period).
- low magnesium level.
Assessment:
- Cervical dilation.- Membranes: ruptured or not.
- Presences of severe preeclampsia and haemorrhage.
- Ultrasonography: to determine fetal gestational age, condition and weight.
Management and intervention:
- Special prenatal care for high-risk women.a- Frequent visits for weeks 22 to 32.
b- Urine culture at 24 weeks.
c- Vaginal examination for pH.
d- Education on nutrition and preterm labour.
Signs and symptoms reinforced :
- Increase or change in vaginal discharge.- Uterine contraction.
- Vaginal bleeding or leaking fluid.
Bed rest and hydration: increase uterine blood flow.
Continuous monitoring
Fetal maturation therapy: glucocorticoid therapy.
READ MORE:
Hydatidiform ( Vesicular ) mole
Hypotonic And Hypertonic Uterine Contraction
Contracted Pelvis and Cephalopelvic Disproportion
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